Application of laser welding machine in the field of precision micro components Welding process is highly automated and easy to operate

With the development of science and technology, micro and nano technology has been widely used in various fields, such as medical, environmental protection, laboratory, chemical, semiconductor, industrial automation and so on. Precision microcomponents refer to electronic, mechanical, optical and other components with micron or nanoscale, which can achieve efficient, accurate and sensitive functions, such as sensing, control, drive, communication and so on. The fabrication and connection of precision micro-components is an important part of micro-nano technology, and laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method, which can be used for the connection and packaging of small parts. Jinmi Laser will introduce the working principle, advantages and application range of laser welding of precision micro-components.

The working principle of laser welding of precision micro-components

Laser welding is an efficient and precise welding method using a laser beam with high energy density as a heat source, which can be used for the welding of small parts. Laser welding can be achieved by continuous or pulsed laser beam, and its principle can be divided into heat conduction welding and laser deep penetration welding.

Heat conduction welding refers to when the laser beam power density is less than 10^4 W/cm^2, the metal surface absorbs the laser energy to produce a molten pool, and the energy exchange between the molten pool and the surrounding metal is mainly through heat conduction, forming a shallow and wide weld.

Laser deep penetration welding refers to when the power density of the laser beam is greater than 10^6 W/cm^2, the metal surface is concave into "holes" under the action of heat, forming a high temperature and high pressure plasma column, while producing a strong reverse airflow, the molten metal is pushed downward, forming a deep and narrow weld.

The advantages of laser welding of precision micro-components

Laser welding of precision micro-components has the following advantages over traditional welding (such as resistance welding, arc welding, etc.) :

1. High weld quality, small deformation, no follow-up treatment. Laser welding has small heat-affected zone, fast cooling speed, smooth weld surface, no porosity, cracks and other defects, and high welding strength. The deformation of laser welding is small, generally does not require filling materials or auxiliary gases, and does not require post-processing such as grinding and polishing.

2. The welding process is highly automated and easy to operate. Laser welding can be controlled by computer to achieve accurate adjustment and positioning of the laser beam and adapt to complex welding requirements. Laser welding does not need to contact the welded part, the operation is flexible and convenient, and can be used with robots or numerical control systems to achieve automated production.

3. Fast welding speed, high efficiency and energy saving. The energy density of laser welding is high, the melting time is short, and the welding speed is fast, generally up to several meters per minute. Laser welding has a high energy utilization rate, generally up to more than 30%, saving more than 50% of energy than traditional welding. The processing range of laser welding is wide, and multiple stations can be welded at the same time to improve production efficiency.

4. Welding can be performed on different materials or dissimilar materials. Laser welding can be used to weld various metal or non-metal materials, such as steel, aluminum, copper, nickel, titanium and so on. Laser welding can also be used to weld dissimilar materials with different physical or chemical properties, such as steel and copper, titanium and nickel, etc., to achieve material combinations that are difficult to connect with traditional methods.

5. Welding can be performed on parts that are difficult to access. The laser beam can be transmitted and guided by means of optical fibers or mirrors, and can be welded to hidden or complex parts, such as the inner wall of a pipeline, a car engine, etc. The laser beam can also be welded in special environments such as vacuum, inert gas or underwater.

6. Micrometer-level precision welding can be achieved. The laser beam has good focusing and directivity, and can form extremely fine light spots to achieve precision machining at the micron or even nanometer level.

The application range of precision micro component laser welding

Laser welding of precision micro-components has been widely used in various fields due to its high efficiency, precision, reliability, environmental protection and other characteristics, such as:

1. Laser welding of electronic components. Electronic components refer to small components with electronic functions or electronic connection functions, such as integrated circuits, capacitors, resistors, crystal oscillators, transformers, switches, sockets, etc. Laser welding of electronic components is mainly used to realize the connection or packaging between components or between components and substrates. Laser welding can achieve micron or even nanoscale precision machining to ensure that the function and performance of components are not lost or affected. At the same time, laser welding can also achieve lead-free or low lead welding, in line with environmental requirements.

2. Laser welding of medical devices. Medical devices refer to instruments, equipment, tools, etc. used for medical diagnosis, treatment, nursing and other purposes, such as cardiac pacemakers, artificial joints, dental stents, surgical knives, etc. Laser welding of medical devices is mainly used to achieve internal or external connection or packaging of the device. Laser welding can achieve high strength, high density, seamless welding, to ensure the safety and durability of the instrument. At the same time, laser welding can also achieve non-toxic or low-toxic welding, in line with health requirements.

3. Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) laser welding. MEMS refers to a system that integrates micro-sensors, actuators, controllers, etc., on a micro-chip, with a variety of functions, and MEMS refers to a system that integrates micro-sensors, actuators, controllers, etc., on a micro-chip, with a variety of functions and applications, such as pressure sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, micromirrors, micro-pumps, etc. The packaging and connection of MEMS is an important step in its manufacturing process, which needs to ensure the reliability, stability and performance of the system.

In short, laser welding of precision micro-components is an efficient, precise, reliable and environmentally friendly connection method for micro-components, with the advantages of high energy utilization, high welding quality, low heat affected zone, low residual stress and deformation, etc., which can realize the welding of a variety of materials and dissimilar materials to meet the diversified needs of precision micro-components. Laser welding of precision micro-components has a wide range of applications in various fields, such as electronic components, medical devices, MEMS, etc., which provides a strong technical support for the development of these fields. As an advanced micro-component connection technology, laser welding of precision micro-components has broad development prospects and application potential, and is worth further exploration and promotion.

Source: Sohu