English

More evidence of cosmic gravitational wave background: Laser interferometer gravitational wave observatory composed of two detectors

89
2024-05-21 14:14:51
See translation

The gravitational wave background was first detected in 2016. This was announced after the release of the first dataset by the European pulsar timing array. The second set of data has just been released, combined with the timed array of Indian pulsars, and both studies have confirmed the existence of the background. The latest theory seems to suggest that we are seeing a comprehensive signal of the merger of supermassive black holes.

Gravitational waves are spatiotemporal ripples caused by violent processes in the universe. As part of general relativity, Einstein predicted them as early as 1916. People believe that these waves are generated by accelerating masses such as black hole mergers and neutron star collisions. They are expected to travel through space without any obstacles. Their existence was first detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave Observatory (LIGO) in September 2015. They are believed to originate from the gravitational merger between two black holes located 1.3 billion light-years away.

The Laser Interferometer Gravity Wave Observatory consists of two detectors, one located in Livingston, Louisiana and the other near Hanford, Washington. The detector uses an L-shaped giant arm to measure tiny ripples in the fabric. Universe. 

The background of gravitational waves is a random distribution of gravitational waves that permeate the universe, as detected by the European pulsar timing array. For example, the background is believed to be generated by multiple superimposed gravitational waves generated by supermassive black hole binary stars. Observing the gravitational wave background can provide us with a great opportunity to study the entire universe, just like cosmic background radiation. If it were not for the European pulsar timing array, the Indian PTA, the North American Nahertz Observatory, and the Parks PTA, this achievement would not have been possible.

The Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) consists of a galactic pulsar network, which is monitored and analyzed to detect patterns in the arrival time of its pulses to Earth. Essentially, the function of PTA is equivalent to that of a galaxy sized detector. Although pulsar timing arrays have various applications, the most well-known one is the use of millisecond pulsar arrays to detect and analyze long wavelength gravitational wave backgrounds.

This paper was written by a team led by J. Antoniadis from the Greek Institute of Astrophysics, exploring the meanings of common low-frequency signals observed in the latest data released in the pulsar timing array system. The team collected data from four different datasets and searched for signals containing only high-quality data.

The conclusion is clear and accurate, and there is more evidence to support the existence of gravity wave background. With the passage of time and the increase of pulsar timing array projects, the low-frequency gravity wave background will become increasingly unique. The current task is to explain the details of all these signals in order to maximize the opportunity to explore the universe in this new way.

Source: Laser Net

Related Recommendations
  • Free space nanoprinting beyond optical limitations can create 4D functional structures

    Two photon polymerization is a potential method for nanofabrication of integrated nanomaterials based on femtosecond laser technology. The challenges faced in the field of 3D nanoprinting include slow layer by layer printing speed and limited material selection due to laser material interactions.In a new report in Progress in Science, Chenqi Yi and a team of scientists in the fields of technical s...

    2023-10-09
    See translation
  • The Mysteries of Atmospheric Chemistry: Transient Absorption Spectroscopy Study Using FERGIE

    backgroundDr. Daniel Stone's research team from the University of Leeds in the UK is primarily focused on the study of oxidation reactions in the atmosphere and combustion processes. Dr. Stone is particularly interested in the chemical reaction processes of active substances that can control atmospheric composition and fuel combustion processes, such as hydroxide (OH), peroxide (HO2), and Crigee i...

    2024-03-06
    See translation
  • Real time measurement of femtosecond dynamics of relativistic intense laser driven ultra-hot electron beams

    In the interaction between ultra short and ultra strong laser and matter, electrons with short pulse width and high energy are generated, commonly referred to as "hot electrons". The generation and transport of hot electrons is one of the important fundamental issues in high-energy density physics of lasers. Superhot electrons can excite a wide range of ultrafast electromagnetic radiation, as well...

    2024-04-30
    See translation
  • Scientists achieve extremely short laser pulses with a peak power of 6 terawatts

    RIKEN's two physicists have achieved extremely short laser pulses with a peak power of 6 terawatts (6 trillion watts) - roughly equivalent to the power generated by 6000 nuclear power plants. This achievement will contribute to the further development of attosecond lasers, for which three researchers were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2023. This study was published in the journal Nature Ph...

    2024-04-22
    See translation
  • Each unit of metamaterials used for simulating optical calculations is smaller than the wavelength of the light they are designed to manipulate

    The new architecture based on metamaterials provides a promising platform for constructing large-scale production and reprogrammable solutions that can perform computational tasks using light.The idea of simulating computers - a device that uses continuous variables instead of zero sum ones - may evoke outdated machinery, from mechanical watches to bomb sight devices used in World War II. But emer...

    2024-03-30
    See translation