Laser welding machines are widely used for efficient and high-precision welding of various metal and non-metal materials. However, in order to achieve good welding results and high efficiency, correct settings and debugging are crucial. Next, we will provide a professional introduction to the precautions that need to be taken when setting up a laser welding machine, to help you avoid many problems when using the laser welding machine, improve welding efficiency and product welding quality.
Precautions for setting up laser welding machine
1. Set the appropriate laser power
Power range: Laser power directly affects welding speed and penetration depth. Excessive power may cause the material to burn through or produce pores, while low power cannot form a good weld seam.
Suggestion:
For thin sheet materials with a thickness not exceeding 2mm, it is recommended to use a laser power of around 1kW.
For thick plate materials with a thickness exceeding 2mm, it is recommended to use a laser power of 2kW-6KW.
2. Adjust the welding speed
Welding speed: Welding speed is closely related to laser power. A reasonable welding speed can ensure sufficient mixing of the molten pool and avoid the formation of pores and cracks.
Suggestion:
Normally, the welding speed should be matched with the laser power to maintain the heat input within a reasonable range.
For thin plate materials, welding speed can be faster to improve production efficiency.
For thick plate materials, the welding speed should be appropriately slowed down to ensure penetration and welding quality.
3. Set the correct defocus amount
Defocus amount: defocus amount refers to the distance between the laser focus and the workpiece surface. Different defocus amounts can affect the welding depth and heat affected zone.
Suggestion:
Positive defocusing (with the focus located above the workpiece): Suitable for welding tasks with high surface finish requirements.
Negative defocusing (with the focus located below the workpiece): Suitable for welding tasks that require deep penetration, such as welding thick plate materials.
4. Choose the appropriate protective gas
Protective gas: Using inert gas (such as argon or helium) as a protective gas can prevent oxidation in the welding area, improve the purity and smoothness of the weld seam.
Suggestion:
The flow rate of protective gas is usually between 5L/min and 20L/min, and the specific value needs to be adjusted according to the welding material and speed.
Appropriate gas flow rate can effectively prevent oxidation and improve the quality of welds.
5. Laser wavelength
Laser wavelength: Choosing the appropriate laser wavelength is crucial for the welding effect. Shorter wavelength lasers have higher energy density and can achieve finer welding, but may have limited penetration depth for certain materials. Longer wavelength lasers may have better penetration capabilities, but their energy density is relatively low.
Suggestion:
Choose the appropriate laser wavelength based on different welding materials and thicknesses. Generally speaking, for thin plate welding, shorter wavelength lasers can be selected; For thick plate welding, longer wavelength lasers may be more suitable. At the same time, factors such as the power and stability of laser equipment also need to be considered.
Correctly setting up a laser welding machine is the key to ensuring welding quality and efficiency. In practical operation, parameters such as laser power, welding speed, defocus, shielding gas, and laser wavelength should be carefully adjusted according to different welding materials and requirements. Only in this way can laser welding machines exert their necessary strength, provide strong guarantees for the production and manufacturing of enterprises, and help improve their strength.
