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Reasons and treatment methods for deformation of laser welding materials

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Laser
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03-31

Reasons for Material Deformation in Laser Welding
1. Thermal stress
Laser welding is the process of melting and connecting materials at high temperatures, resulting in structural changes. During the cooling process of materials, internal stress is generated due to different cooling rates in different parts, resulting in material deformation.
2. Residual stress
After welding is completed, there is residual high temperature in the material. If corresponding cooling measures are not taken, internal stress will continue to accumulate, leading to material deformation.
3. Deviation of laser beam position
The deviation between the laser beam irradiation position and the specified position is significant, which can cause deformation of the material.
4. Selection of welding materials
The selection of welding materials and process measures directly affect the deformation of laser welded parts. If chosen improperly, it can also cause deformation of the material.

laser welding

Processing methods for material deformation in laser welding
1. Adopt preheating method
Proper preheating before welding can reduce the degree of material deformation. The preheating temperature and time should be selected according to the material material.
2. Adopt local heating method
Localized heating refers to the use of localized heating during the welding process to bring the welding area and its surroundings to a certain temperature state, reducing its degree of deformation.
3. Use welding fixtures or supports
During the welding process, appropriate fixtures or supports are used to enhance the rigidity of the material and reduce the degree of deformation.
4. Control welding temperature and cooling rate
Controlling the welding temperature and cooling rate can reduce the accumulation of internal and residual stresses in the material, thereby reducing the degree of material deformation.
5. Adopt numerical simulation technology
Numerical simulation technology can predict the deformation of laser welded parts through virtual simulation and make corresponding adjustments, thereby reducing the degree of material deformation in actual welding operations.

【 Conclusion 】
Laser welding is widely used in industrial production, but material deformation is inevitable during the welding process. Understanding the principle of material deformation and adopting corresponding processing methods can effectively solve such problems and reduce the adverse effects caused by it.
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    • Gilbert

      04-01
      thanks
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      • 55455rml

        04-01
        Thank you for your professional insights! The factors you mentioned are indeed key reasons for material deformation in laser welding, especially thermal stress and residual stress, which are particularly significant in high-power welding or thin sheet welding.

For laser beam position deviation, precise optical path adjustment and real-time monitoring are crucial. Utilizing CCD vision positioning or coaxial measurement technology can effectively reduce errors. Additionally, when selecting welding materials, matching the appropriate thermal expansion coefficient and optimizing the welding process—such as segmented welding or preheating—can also help minimize deformation risks.

Once again, I appreciate your summary, and I look forward to more discussions on welding quality control and process optimization!
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