The laser cutting machine system is generally composed of laser generator, (external) beam transmission module, workbench (machine tool), microcomputer numerical control cabinet, cooler and computer (hardware and software).
1) Machine tool host part: the machine tool part of the laser cutting machine, the mechanical part that realizes the movement of X, Y and Z axes, including the cutting work platform. It is used to place the cut workpiece and move it correctly and accurately according to the control program. It is usually driven by a servo motor.
2) Laser generator: device that generates laser light source. For the purpose of laser cutting, except for a few occasions where YAG solid state lasers are used, most of them use CO2 gas lasers with high electric-optical conversion efficiency and high power output. Because laser cutting requires high beam quality, not all lasers can be used for cutting. Gaussian mode is applicable to carbon dioxide lasers less than 1500W, lower order mode 100W-3000W, and multimode mode 3000W and above.
3) External optical path: refracting mirror, used to guide the laser in the required direction. In order to prevent the beam path from failure, all mirrors should be protected by protective covers, and clean positive pressure protective gas should be introduced to protect the lens from pollution. A set of lenses with good performance will focus a beam without divergence angle into an infinitely small spot. Generally, lenses with a focal length of 5.0 inches are used. 7.5 inch lens is only used for materials>12mm thick.
4) CNC system: control the machine tool to realize the movement of X, Y and Z axes, and also control the output power of the laser.
5) Stabilized power supply: connected between laser, CNC machine tool and power supply system. It mainly plays the role of preventing external power grid interference.
6) Cutting head: mainly including cavity, focusing lens base, focusing lens, capacitive sensor, auxiliary gas nozzle and other parts. The cutting head drive device is used to drive the cutting head to move along the Z-axis direction according to the program, and is composed of servo motor, screw rod or gear and other transmission parts.
7) Operation console: used to control the working process of the whole cutting device.
8) Water chiller: used to cool the laser generator. Laser is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy. For example, the conversion rate of CO2 gas laser is generally 20%, and the remaining energy is converted into heat. The cooling water takes away the excess heat to maintain the normal operation of the laser generator. The water chiller also cools the external light path reflector and focusing mirror of the machine tool to ensure stable beam transmission quality and effectively prevent the deformation or crack caused by the high temperature of the lens.
9) Gas cylinder: including the working medium gas cylinder and auxiliary gas cylinder of laser cutting machine, used to supplement the industrial gas of laser vibration and auxiliary gas for cutting head.
10) Air compressor and air storage tank: provide and store compressed air.
11) Air cooling dryer and filter: used to supply clean dry air to the laser generator and beam path to maintain the normal operation of the path and reflector.
12) Exhaust dust remover: extract the smoke and dust generated during processing, and conduct filtration treatment to make the exhaust gas discharge meet the environmental protection standards.
13) Slag extractor: remove the leftover materials and waste materials generated during processing.
Source: Network
