The condenser of the industrial water chiller is a heat exchange device. Its function is to use the environmental cooling medium (air or water) to take away the heat of the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant steam from the compressor, so that the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant steam can be cooled and condensed into the refrigerant liquid with high pressure and normal temperature. It is worth mentioning that in the process of changing refrigerant vapor into refrigerant liquid in the condenser, the pressure is constant and still high.
Characteristics of various condensers of industrial water chillers:
（1） Horizontal shell-and-tube condenser
The horizontal shell-and-tube condenser has a similar shell structure to the vertical condenser. The main difference is the horizontal placement of the shell and the multi-channel flow of water. The horizontal condenser is not only widely used in ammonia refrigeration system, but also can be used in Freon refrigeration system, but its structure is slightly different. The cooling pipe of ammonia horizontal condenser is smooth seamless steel pipe, while the cooling pipe of Freon horizontal condenser is generally low rib copper pipe. This is due to the low exothermic coefficient of Freon. It is worth noting that some Freon industrial water chillers generally do not have a liquid storage tank, but only use a few rows of tubes at the bottom of the condenser to serve as a liquid storage tank.
（2） Water-cooled condenser
The water-cooled condenser uses water as the cooling medium, and takes the condensation heat away by the temperature rise of water. Cooling water is generally recycled, but cooling tower or cooling water pool shall be set in the system. Water-cooled condensers can be divided into shell and tube condensers and sleeve condensers according to their structure, and the common one is shell and tube condensers.
（3） Tubular condenser
The refrigerant vapor of the industrial water chiller enters the cavity between the inner and outer tubes from the top, condenses on the outer surface of the inner tube, and the liquid flows down at the bottom of the outer tube in turn, and flows into the liquid reservoir from the lower end. The cooling water enters from the lower part of the condenser and flows out from the upper part through each row of inner pipes in turn, in a countercurrent manner with the refrigerant. This condenser has the advantages of simple structure and convenient manufacturing. Because it is a single-tube condenser, the medium flow direction is opposite, so the heat transfer effect is good. When the water flow rate is 1~2 m/s, the heat transfer coefficient can reach 800 kcal/(m2 · h · ℃). The disadvantage is that the metal consumption is large, and when the number of longitudinal tubes is large, the lower tubes are filled with more liquid, so that the heat transfer area cannot be fully utilized. In addition, the compactness is poor, the cleaning is difficult, and a large number of elbows need to be connected. Therefore, this condenser has been rarely used in ammonia refrigeration units.
Source: Fenghuang.com
